Which level is Preconventional in Kohlberg's theory?

Which level is Preconventional in Kohlberg's theory?

• A. Conventional
• B. Postconventional
• C. Preconventional
• D. Initial

Answer: (C)

Preconventional is the first level of Kohlberg's moral development theory. At this stage, moral reasoning is driven by self-interest and the desire to avoid punishment or to gain rewards, rather than by social norms or abstract principles. That’s why the level that carries this exact name is the correct choice—it identifies the initial stage of the model. Beyond this, conventional reasoning centers on fitting in with laws and norms, and postconventional reasoning rests on universal ethical principles. The remaining option, Initial, isn’t part of Kohlberg’s framework.

Preconventional is the first level of Kohlberg's moral development theory. At this stage, moral reasoning is driven by self-interest and the desire to avoid punishment or to gain rewards, rather than by social norms or abstract principles. That’s why the level that carries this exact name is the correct choice—it identifies the initial stage of the model. Beyond this, conventional reasoning centers on fitting in with laws and norms, and postconventional reasoning rests on universal ethical principles. The remaining option, Initial, isn’t part of Kohlberg’s framework.